Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Sung Ho Lee

31 Articles

A Case of Leiomyoma of The Lateral Vaginal Wall.: Sung Chul Park, Doo Jin Lee, Sung Ho Lee, Yoon Ki Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2008;25(2):124-127. Published online December 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2008.25.2.124

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Abstract PDF: Leiomyomas are common in the myometrial layer of the uterus, though they are rarely found in other reproductive organs. Leiomyomas are benign, hormone-sensitive smooth muscle tumors. They develop during the reproductive years and regress after menopause. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult to make. We present a case of a 54-year-old woman with a vaginal wall tumor. The management in this case included surgical excision. Histologic examination definitively confirmed the diagnosis of a vaginal leiomyoma. We report the details of this case along with a brief review of the literature.

Clinical Significance of Interleukin-6 Concentration of Cervical Discharge in Pregnant Women with Preterm Labor and Preterm Rupture of Membrane: Seong Woong Kim, Sung Chul Park, Sung Ho Lee, Doo Jin Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S505-518. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S505

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Abstract PDF: Background
：This study is conducted to determine the clinical efficacy of measurement of IL-6 concentration in cervical discharge as a biochemical predictor of preterm labor and PROM. Materials and Methods：Twenty-two pregnant women with preterm labor and 28 women with preterm rupture of membrane(PROM) between 20-36 gestational weeks were selected as study group, and 26 normal pregnant women were selected as control group. In both groups, following routine antenatal laboratory tests, concentration of interleukin-6(IL-6) in cervical discharge and amniotic fluid(in case of preterm labor and PROM) were estimated, and maternal C-reactive protein(CRP) level and WBC count were checked also. To compare the microbiological environment of both groups, Gram stain and culture of cervical smear were undertaken.
Results
：There were no significant differences in maternal age, gravity, parity, gestational age at sampling, and prior preterm delivery, but there were significant differences in initial cervical dilation, effacement, cervicovaginal pH, and preterm delivery in each groups. The average IL-6 level of cervical discharge in women with preterm labor and PROM were significantly higher than control group (p＜0.01). The distribution of women with preterm labor and PROM were significantly different from control group, when 186.7 pg/mL was selected as cutoff value(p＜0.01). There was strong positive correlation between IL-6 concentration in cervical discharge and amniotic fluid IL-6 concentration (r=0.865, p＜0.05). There was no significant difference in CRP in each groups. Maternal WBC count of PROM group at admission was higher than that of preterm labor and control group, but was not statistically significant (p=0.062). Gram (-) rods was detected frequently in women with preterm labor and PROM than control group (p＜0.05). The distribution of microorganisms in cervical discharge in women with preterm labor and PROM were different from control group. Conlusion：The results of this study suggested that cervical IL-6 concentration could be used as an indicator detecting the high risk pregnant women who might develop preterm labor and PROM, and could be accepted as a noninvasive diagnostic marker of intrauterine infection.

Two Cases of Congenital Vaginal Absence: Sung Chul Park, Hyun Jin Shin, Hyo Hyun Kim, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee, Doo Jin Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S710-718. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S710

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Abstract PDF: Congenital absence of vagina(Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome) is found between 1 in 4,000 and 20,000 female births, and is frequently associated with various urinary tract and skeletal anomalies. As the patients have normal ovarian functions, they appear as normal female phenotype and have normal female karyotype 46, XX. Inability of coitus is one of the main problems they have, so the goal of treatment is to create a vagina adequate to allow sexual activity. Both surgical and nonsurgical approaches have been utilized. The authors experienced two cases of congenital absence of vagina successfully treated by surgical and nonsurgical method.

A Case of Uterine Didelphys with Obstructed Hemivagina and Ipsilateral Renal Agenesis: Sung Chul Park, Doo Jin Lee, Sung Ho Lee, Yoon Ki Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S737-741. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S737

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Frequency of female genital congenital abnormality is about 0.2%. We suspect female as uterine abnormality with hematocolpos, who after menarche with progressive abdominal pain during menses, in associated with the finding of growing pelvic mass and not visible unilateral kidney at urography. Commonly it was fined with acute lower abdominal pain at puberty. Early diagnosis is very important to treatment and to fertility of patient. The simple and adequate treatment of the condition is incision of the obstructed vaginal septum providing adequate drainage of the retained blood. If diagnosis of this disease is late, it may occur complications of hematocolpos, hematosalphinx, endometriosis and pelvic adhesions by flowing backward of mensturational blood. Also it may cause decreasing fertility and secondary infection. We report a case of uterine didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis with a brief review of the literature.

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A Case Report on Secondary Dysmenorrhea with Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome
Pyung-Wha Kim, Ji-Yeong Im, Yong-Tae Jeon, Eun-Hee Lee
The Journal of Oriental Obstetrics and Gynecology.2016; 29(4): 69. CrossRef

Cervicography as a Screening Test for Cervical Cancer.: Doo Jin Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(2):169-180. Published online December 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.2.169

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BACKGROUND
Uterine cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the women in Korea. This study was undertaken to evaluate the usefulness of the cervicography as a screeningg test of cervical cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cervicography was taken from 482 women at department of obstetrics and gymecology, at Yeungnam University Hospital from March 1, 1998 to October 31, 1999, of the 482 women, 172women were excluded from the study for various reasons, and 310 women completed the study. Three-hundred and ten women had cervical cytology(Papanicolaou smear), cervicography and colposcopy, and punch biopsy was undertaken if any of the test result was abnormal. RESULTS: The most common age group was 35-39, and 40-44, 45-49 in order and most common reason for having a screening test was regular check for cervical cancer. The mean duration from the last Pap smear was 17.1 months, and 64 women(20.4%) never had any prior screening tests. Of the 310 women, 254 women were categorized as normal or having benign disease such as cervicitis, erosion or metaplasia. Biopsy was taken from 56 patients and the results were 26 chromic cervicitis, 4 mild dysplasia, 6 moderate dysplasia, 2 severe dysplasia, 14 carcinoma in situ and 4 invasive carcinoma. The results of cytology and cervicography were well correlated(p<0.05) The sensitivity of cytology and cervicography were 86.7% and 76.9%, respectively and the sensitivity and specificity of cervicography were 56.7% and 96.2%, respectively. False negative rate of cervicography(43.3%) was much higher than those of cytology(13.3%)(p<0.05), but false positive rate of cervicography(3.8%) was much lower than that of cytology(23.1%)(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It seems inappropriate to use cervicography as a single scerrning test for cervival cancer, but it may be an effective complementary test for cytology to lower the false negative rate of cytology.

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Physico-Chemical Characterization of Bioactive Mixed Ligand Complexes of Antimony with 3,5-Diarylsubstituted Pyrazolinates and O,O’-Alkylene Dithiophosphates
Kanchan Lata Singh, Afshan Siddiqui, Kajal Singh, U.N. Tripathi
Chemistry & Chemical Technology.2019; 13(4): 407. CrossRef

Maternal Weight Gain Pattern and Birth Weight.: Mok Jin Kim, Ho Yeol Lee, Young Gi Lee, Yoon Ki Park, Doo Jin Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1998;15(1):135-142. Published online June 30, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1998.15.1.135

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Maternal weight gain during pregnancy has been consistently associated with infant birth weight and pregnancy outcome. Our purpose was to determined the relationship between maternal weight gain pattern and birth weight. Consequently, maternal weight gain is monitored carefully and is encouraged during prenatal care in order to improve pregnancy outcome. Our study group included both 424 uncomplicated women and infant delivered at the Yeungnam University Hospital between 1993-1996. All recorded prenatal weight gain measurements were used to estimate maternal trimester weight gain, pattern of gain (based on low versus not-low gain at each trimester), and total gain at delivery. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between these weight gain measurements and fetal birth weight. Each kilogram of maternal gain in the first, second, and third trimesters was associatedwith statistically related to the increase in fatal birth weight by 31.3, 19.0, and 24.5g, respectively. When compaired with the pattern of gain that was not low in any trimester, patterns with low gain in the first trimesters were associated with significant decreases in birth weight, but no important change in birth weight was seen for the group whose gains were not low in the first trimester. The results suggest that specific patterns of maternal weight gain, particularly weight gain during the first trimester, are related to fetal birth weight.

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Effects of Yoga during Pregnancy on Weight Gain, Delivery Experience and Infant's Birth Weight
Eun Sun Ji, Kyoul Ja Cho, Hyun Jeong Kwon
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2009; 15(2): 121. CrossRef

The Effect of EDTA and Fetal Cord Serum Supplementation to Ham's F-10 Culture Medium on Development Potential of Mouse Embryos in Vitro: Byeong Seog Kim, Young GI Lee, Yoon Kee Park, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1995;12(1):124-134. Published online June 30, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1995.12.1.124

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Abstract PDF: It is the most important to select optimal culture conditions to promote safe embryo growth in the technique of human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. It has been shown that the addition of biologic fluids, such as blood serum, of various origins, improved fertilization and early cleavage rates in numerous species. The purpose of this study is to attempt to measure developmental potential of mouse eggs fertilized and cleaved in Ham's F10 culture medium containing a chelating agent, EDTA and fetal cord serum. In this study, we selected 40 female mice and 20 male mice, and investigated optimal serum concentration' for mouse embryo growth. Two cell stage mouse embryos were cultured in Ham's F-10 medium, Ham's F-10 medium with various concentrations of EDTA, or Ham's F-10 medium with EDTA and 10% human cord serum. Developmental ratios to morula in Ham's F-10 medium containing various concentrations of EDTA and/or 10% fetal cord serum were significantly higher than in unsupplemented Ham's F-10 medium (p<0.05). Developmental ratios to blastocyst in Ham's F-10 containing 10% fetal cord serum and 5011M or 100µM EDTA were significantly higher than in unsupplemented Ham's F-10 medium (p<0.05). Developmental ratios to morula in Ham's F-10 containing 10% fetal cord serum and 100µM EDTA were significantly higher than in Ham's F-10 with 10% fetal cord serum used commonly in many human IVF centers (p<0.05). Developmental ratio to blastocyst in Ham's F-10 containing 10% fetal cord serum and 100µM EDTA was significantly higher than in Ham's F-10 with 200µM EDTA (p<0.05). In summary, embryo development to morula and blastocyst was significantly higher in the presence of human cord serum or EDTA than in the unsupplemented medium. The most significantly development to morula and blastocyst was obtained at Ham’s F-10 medium with 100µM concentration of EDTA and 10% fetal cord serum. These results suggest that Ham’s F-10 medium containing 10% fetal cord serum and optimal concentrations of EDTA significantly promoted early cleavage of mouse zygotes, and these will be useful as basic data for the selection of culture medium in human in vitro fertilization.

A Case of Cystic Degeneration of Uterine Adenomyosis.: Yang Soo Kwak, Sang Won Lee, Ho Joon WhangBo, Doo Jin Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1994;11(2):405-410. Published online December 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1994.11.2.405

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Abstract PDF: Adenomyosis is a common disease of middle-aged women and adenomyoma is a variety of adenomyosis that formed localized tumor. Cystic degeneration of an adenomyoma is a rare clinical manifestation. A 30-year-old parous woman suffered from severe dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia for about 5 months, was operated under the impression of endometriosis of the pelvis. Following the operation, cystic degeneration of an adenomyoma was found incidentally. The authors experienced a case of adenomyosis that formed cystic tumor of uterus and presented with a pertinent literatures.

Hematologic Status of Newborn Infants of Mother with Pregnancy-induced Hypertension: Doo Jin Lee, Min Whan Koh, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1994;11(2):352-362. Published online December 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1994.11.2.352

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Abstract PDF: To evaluate the effects of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) to the iron status of fetuses, umbilical cord blood of 35 newborn borne by PIH mothers and of 37 normal term infants delivered at Yeungnam University Hospital from September 1, 1993 to September 30, 1994, were studied. The serum hemoglobin concentration of women with PIH was significantly higher than normal full-term pregnant women. There was no significant difference in serum hemoglobin concetration between women with PIH and normal full-term pregnant women and their newborn infants. There was no significant difference in serum hemoglobin concentration between infants iof women with PIH and normal full-term infants. The serum iron concentration of newborn infants of women with PIH was higher and the serum ferritin concentration of newborn infants of women with PIH was lower than normal full-term infants, but there were no significant difference between the two groups. The serum total iron-binding capactity and unsaturated iron-binding capacity of infants of women with PIH were significantly higher than normal full-term infants. The newborn infants of PIH women seemed that they might have occult depletion of iron store and need meticulous follow up during early neonatal period.

Gynecologic Application of the Pelviscopic Surgery.: Seok Bong Koh, Jae Yeoul Lee, Young Gi Lee, Yoon Kee Park, Doo Jin Lee, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1994;11(1):127-134. Published online June 30, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1994.11.1.127

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Abstract PDF: The aim of this study was to identify the usefulness of pelviscopy in treatment besides its diagnostic value. The advantages of pelviscopic surgery are low cost, rapid recovery, good cosmetic effect, low incidence of complication and postoperative adhesion. So most of the pelvic exploration in gynecologic patients are replaced by the pelviscopic surgery these days. Pelviscopic surgery was performed on 136 patients at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Yenungnam University from May 1991 to July 1993. The results obtained were as follows : The age distribution of the patients was from 19 to 55 with age of 31.2 years, and the mean parity was 0.96, the most common indication of pelviscopic surgery was tubal pregnancy(66.9%), the second most common indications was ovarian cyst(10.3%) and the other indications were endometriosis, corpus iuteum cyst rupture, parovarian cyst, foreign body, tubal ligation, hydrosalpinx, uterine myoma and in 16.3%. The mean duration of hospitalization was 2.1 days without specific complications. According to these results, it was postulated that the pelviscopic surgery was a useful operative tool in gynecologic treatment and its application could be extended to many other areas of gynecology with safety by the development of surgical techniques and instruments.

A case of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy.: Mi Sook Kim, Ho Joon Hwangbo, Young Gi Lee, Yoon Kee Park, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1993;10(2):512-517. Published online December 31, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1993.10.2.512

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Abstract PDF: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is an uncommon illness but most common form of thrombocytopema in pregnancy. Corticosteroids, splenectomy, immunosuppressive drugs, and immunoglobulin therapy have been recommended for manaaement. The optimal method of delivery is controversial. We have experienced a case of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura diagnosed previously and managed with corticosteroid and vincrstine, which was followed by pregnancy, vaginal delivery and postpiirtum splenectomy.

Three cases of ovarian pregnancy.: Mi Na Lee, Jae Yeoul Lee, Yoon Kee Park, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1993;10(1):245-252. Published online June 30, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1993.10.1.245

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Abstract PDF: Primary ovarian pregnancy is one of the rerest types of extrauterine pregnancy. But an increase in the reported prevalence of ovarian pregnancies was published in recent years. Three cases of ovarian pregnancy which have Spiegelberg criteria are presented with a brief review of literatures.

Increased carboxyhemoglobin and serum iron concentration as an indicator of increased red cell turnover in preeclampsia.: Sang Heon Kim, Kwang Hee Lee, Mi Sook Kim, Young Gi Lee, Yoon Kee Park, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1993;10(1):68-76. Published online June 30, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1993.10.1.68

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Abstract PDF: Pregnancy induced hypertension is multifaceted syndrome with variable involvement of several key organ systems, so sensitive and specific laboratory tests for predicting severity and prognosis. and early diagnosis of this disease are required. Because heme catabolism results in equimolar production of carboxyhemoglobin, iron and bilirubin, a concomittant rise of these parameters would provide confirmation of increased heme catabolism. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia may occurs in severe preeclampsia, but it is not known whether increased red cell turnover - occurs with mild preeclampsia as complication. The purpose of this study was to confirm that increased heme catabolism also occurs in patients with mild preeclampsia. The analysis of data was done on 23 cases with mild preeclampsia and 35 normal pregnant women, who were admitted to Yeungnam University Hospital from October 1992 to March 1993. The results were as follows. 1. The mean antepartum serum iron concentration was significantly higher in the group with mild preeclampsia (86.5+/-6.1 microg/dl) than in the controls (53.2+/-5.3 microg/dl). 2. The mean antepartum and postpartum carboxyhemoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in the group with mild preeclampsia (antepartum : 2.55+/-0.42 mg/dl, postpartum 1.21+/-0.4 mg/dl) than the controls (antepartum : 0.61+/-0.2 mg/dl, postpartum 0.53+/-0.2 mg/dl) 3. During postpartum, carboxyhemoglobin concentration in preeclampsia reduced significantly from antepartum level, but there was no difference between antepartum and postpartum carboxyhemoglobin concentrations among controls. 4. Bilirubin concentrations were similiar in both groups

Effect of diazepam on the oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus.: Yoon Kee Park, Sung Ho Lee, Oh Cheol Kwon, Jeoung Hee Ha, Kwang Youn Lee, Won Joon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(2):359-381. Published online December 31, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.2.359

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Abstract PDF: This study was designed to investigate the effect of diazepam on the spontaneous contraction and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus. Female rat (Sprague-Dawley) pretreated with oophorectomy and 4 days administration of estrogen. Weighing about 200 g, was sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the uteruses were isolated. A longitudinal muscle strip was placed in temperature controlled (37℃) muscle chamber containing Locke's solution and myographied isometrically. Diazepam inhibited the spontaneous contraction and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus in a concentration-dependent manner. GABA, muscimol, a GABA A receptor agonist, bicuculline, a competitive GABA A receptor antagonist, picrotoxin, a non competitive GABA A receptor antagonist, baclofen, a GABA B receptor agonist, and delta-aminovaleric acid, a GABA B receptor antagonist, did not affect on the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus. The inhibitory actions of diazepam on the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction were not affected by all the GABA receptor agonists and antagonists, but exceptionally potentiated by bicuculline. This potentiation-effect by bicuculline was not antagonized by muscumol. In normal calcium PSS, addition of calcium restored the spontaneous contraction preinhibited by diazepam and recovered the contractile of oxtrocin preinhibited by diazepam. A23187, a calcium inophore, enhanced the restoration of both the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction by addition of calcium. In calcium-free PSS, diazepam suppressed the restoration of spontaneous motility by addition of calcium but allowed the recovery of spontaneous motility to a considerable extent. Diazepam could not inhibit some development of contractility by oxytocin in calcium-free PSS, but inhibited the increase in contractility by subsequent addition of calcium. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of diazepam on the rat uterine motility does not depend on or related to GABA receptors and that diazepam inhibits the extracellular calcium influx to suppress the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contractilities.

A case of Arnold-Chiari malformation.: Jong Ho Kim, Byeong Seog Kim, Mi Na Lee, Doo Jin Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(1):203-209. Published online June 30, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.1.203

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Abstract PDF: The Arnold-Chiari malformation (ACM) is an anomaly of the hindbrain consisting of two components: a variable displacement of a tongue of tissue derived from the inferior cerebellar vermis in the upper cervical canal and a similar caudal dislocation of the medulla and fourth ventricle. Hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele are another abnormalities that associated frequently. We present a case of Arnold-Chiari malformation with hydrocephalus and meningomyeolcele and a brief review of the literatures was added.

A case of meigs' syndrome occured in pregnancy.: Dae Hyun Cho, Sang Heon Kim, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(1):197-202. Published online June 30, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.1.197

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Abstract PDF: Meigs' syndrome consists of an ovarian fibroma, or fibroma-like benign tumor, associated with fluid in both abdomen and chest. Characteristically, the ascites and hydrothorax disappeared and do not recurred following removal of the ovarian tumor. The authors presented a case of Meigs' syndrome that was cured by surgical removal of ovarian tumor and resulted in normal pregnancy outcome in 27-year-old pregnant woman with a brief review of literatures.

Study of pH and gas analysis of umbilical arterial blood and apgar score as indicators of newborn health.: Dae Hyun Cho, Mi Na Lee, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(1):98-106. Published online June 30, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.1.98

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Apgar score is most widely used evaluating indicator of newborn health, but it is very subjective. Umbilical cord blood gas analysis is more objective and effective than Apgar score in evaluation of newborn status. Cord blood gas was changed slightly by processing of time after fetal birth. This study was undertaken to observe objectiveness and effectiveness of umbilical arterial blood gas analysis and effects of time interval of cord clamping to newborn health with 122 pregnant women and their babies. We observed following results: 1. There were poor correlation between Apgar score and umbilical cord arterial blood analysis in evaluating of newborn health (P>0.05). 2. There was no clinical significance of Apgar score or umbilical arterial blood gas analysis as single indicator in evaluating of newborn health (P>0.05). 3. Gas analysis and pH of umbilical arterial blood was more helpful in evaluating of newborn health than Apgar score. 4. There were no significant effects of time interval of umbilical cord clamping to newborn health. 5. If there were no indications of early umbilical cord clamping, cord blood sampling at immediately after birth without cord clamping was more effective to evaluate newborn status.

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Assessment of the Value of the Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Parameter as Indicator of the Neonatal Condition
Jeong Min Lee, Hoon Bum Shin, Young Bae Choi, Na Mi Lee, Dae Yong Yi, Sin Weon Yun, Soo Ahn Chae, In Seok Lim
Perinatology.2018; 29(1): 8. CrossRef

A study on the fetal umbilical artery doppler blood flow velocity waveforms in normal pregnancy.: Cheol Seong Bae, Gee Jin Kwun, Doo Jin Lee, Yoon Kee Park, Sung Ho Lee, Kil Ho Cho; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(1):63-71. Published online June 30, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.1.63

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Abstract PDF: Noninvasive techniques of antenatal detection of the fetal development and well-being such as biophysical profile, non-stress and stress remain major challenges in modern obstetric practice. To obtain and analyze umbilical artery velocity waveform by pulsed-wave doppler ultrasound, a total of 160 determinations were carried out on 157 normal pregnant women between 16th to 41st week gestation. The ratio of peak systolic to end-diastolic flow velocity (S/D ratio), pulsatility index and resistance index were measured as indices of the resistance in feto-placental circulation. The results were as follows: As gestation advances, the mean values for peak systolic and end-diastolic velocities raised progressively. As gestation advances, the mean values for the S/D ratio declined progressively, exhibiting high diastolic flow velocity caused by low resistance. Pulsatility index, and resistance index were also declined progressively, as gestation advances. The analysis of umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveforms provides a new noninvasive technique to evaluate fetal development and well-being, and may be expected a reliable method for assessment of fetal life.

Autologous Transfusion in Pregnant Women with Significant Risk for Hemorrhage.: Gee Deuk Kim, Chul Suong Bae, Yoon Kee Park, Jong Wook Kim, Min Whan Koh, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(1):95-103. Published online June 30, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.1.95

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Abstract PDF: Autologous Transfusion, storage of one's own blood for subsequent infusion if needed, is safe and effective in a variety of scheduled operative procedures. Obstetric involvement in such programs in very limited, however, because of concern over the possibility of inducing premature labor or causing fetal distress by blood volume change or vasovagal reactions. We describe our experience with pregnant women in this program. The incidence of vagovagal reactions of autologous donation was 9.5% (2.21). After entry into this program, 17pastients received a total 37pints, which consist of 19 Autologous and 18 Homologous. Homologous transfusion was avoided in 30% of patients receiving blood. The values of the mean hematocrits before and after hpebotomy were 34.1% and 31.8% respectively. It was stastically significant (p<0.01). We recommended that autologous blood donation by pregnant women in third trimester is safe for mothers or infants and it should be strongly encouraged for patient with placenta previa and repeated cesarean section.

A Case of The Krukenberg Tumor.: Yoon Kee Park, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1989;6(2):271-277. Published online December 31, 1989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1989.6.2.271

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Abstract PDF: There have been reported cases that the Krukenberg Tumor had been primary ovarian carcinoma. But the Krukenberg Tumor is generally known as one special type of metastatic ovarian carcinoma, which histologically consists of nest of mucin filled signet-ring cells in a cellular, nonneoplastic stroma. The most common gastrointestinal tract origin for Krukenberg tumor is the stomach, and the next frequent is the large intestine. Generally the Krukenberg tumor is difficult to diagnose and treat until somewhat enlarging its size. We experienced a case of the Krukenberg tumor on the remained ovary after the previous unilateral adnexectomy, which was metastasized from adenocarcinoma of stomach. We present this case with a brief review of literature.

A Case of Fetal Nuchal Cystic Hygroma.: Yung Ha Choi, Chung Ok Park, Wan Seok Park, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1989;6(1):165-169. Published online June 30, 1989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1989.6.1.165

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Abstract PDF: Fetal cystic hygroma is a rare congenital malformation of the lymphatic system appearing as a single or multiloculated fluid-filled cavity, most often in the neck. A case of fetal nuchal cystic hygroma was diagnosed by Ultrasonography at 22 weeks of gestation and the diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy. We present the case with a brief review of literature.

Liver Disease in Pregnancy.: Sung Ho Lee, Min Whan Koh; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(2):9-24. Published online December 31, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.2.9

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

A Case of Primary Carcinoma.: Young Gi Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):197-203. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.197

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

Two Cases of Vaginal Injury due to Coitus.: Yung Ha Choi, Chung Ok Park, Jae Wung Kim, Jong Wook Kim, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):193-195. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.193

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Abstract PDF: Two cases of vaginal injury due to Coitus are presented. One is the case of the laceration of midportion of posterior vaginal wall with shock and the other one in the laceration of posterior vaginal fornix and pelvic peritoneum. They are all in multiparity. And a review of literature on vaginal injury due to coitus is made briefly.

A Study of Serum HBV Markers in Term Pregnant Women and Their Neonates.: Tae Hyung Lee, Wan Seok Park, Sung Rim Kim, Kang Wan Lee, Sung Ho Lee, Wun Yong Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):121-129. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.121

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Abstract PDF: To evaluate the status of hepatitis B virus infection in the mothers and neonates and to determine the maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus, 2,276 term pregnant women were screened for presence of serum HBsAg, at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeungnam University Hospital, during the period of 18 months from Jan. 1986 to Jun. 1987, and the sera of sixty-six HBsAg carrier mothers and their neonates were tested for HBV markers and liver enzymes. The results were as follows: 1. The prevalence rate of asymptomatic HBsAg carrier in the term pregnant women was 4.7% (53/1,279). 2. Positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HBs in the sera of sixty-six neonates born to asymptomatic HBsAg carrier mothers were 12.1% and 9.1%, respectively. Transient elevation of SGOT (three to four times of upper normal limit) was detected in one of eight HBsAg-positive neonates and one of six anti-HBs positive neonates. 3. Positive rates of anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBe in the sera of sixty-six asymptomatic HBsAg carrier term pregnant women were 93.9%, 45.5%, 50%, respectively. The rates of transmission of maternal anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBe to the neonates were 85.5 (53/62), 90% (27/30) and 87.9% (29/33), respectively. 4. Serum HBsAg was detected in four of thirty neonates born to HBeAg positive HBsAg carrier mother, three of thirty-three neonates born to anti-HBe positive HBsAg carrier mothers, and one of three neonates born to both HBeAg and anti-HBe negative HBsAg carrier mothers.

Second Look Laparotomy in Patient with Ovarian Cancer.: Sung Ho Lee, Jong Wook Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):1-14. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.1

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

A Clinical Study on Macrosomia.: Kang Wan Lee, Jong Wook Kim, Tae Hyung Lee, Wan Seok Park, Sung Ho Lee, Wun Yong Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1986;3(1):293-299. Published online December 31, 1986; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1986.3.1.293

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Abstract PDF: Obstetric problems concerning macrosomia were evaluated by retrospective review of 91 pregnancies that resulted in the delivery of an infant weighing 4,000 gm or more at the Yeungnam University Hospital during 3 1/2 years from Jun 1983 to Oct 1986. The results obtained were as follows 1. Macrosomic infants weighing 4,000 gm or more occurred in 2.8% of the deliveries. 2. 65.9% of macrosomic infants and 53.5% of total infants were male. The ratio of male was statistically higher in the macrosomic infants than in the total infants (P<0.05) 3. The incidence of macrosomia was higher with increasing gestational age, and deliveries at 42 weeks or more gestation were more common in the macrosomic infants than in the total infants (P<0.01).

Clinical Survey of Cesarean Section.: Jae Wung Kim, Young Gi Lee, Jong Wook Kim, Tae Hyung Lee, Wan Seok Park, Sung Ho Lee, Wun Yong Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1986;3(1):249-260. Published online December 31, 1986; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1986.3.1.249

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Abstract PDF: Recent reports have noted the increase of and questioned the justification for cesarean section rate in the past decade. This study was carried out retrospectively based on the clinical charts of 510 patients who had been performed cesarean section among 3,357 deliveries at Yeungnam University Hospital from May, 9, 1983 through Nov., 30, 1986. The results were as follows 1. Overall incidence of cesarean section was 15.7% of total deliveries. Of these, 10.9% were by primary cesarean section and 4.7% by repeat operation. There has been a gradual increase in the cesarean section rate. 2. In the distribution of age, the 26-30 aged group was the most prevalent (60.2%). 3. The most common indications for cesarean section were previous cesarean section (30.2%), CPD (26.9%), malpresentation (22.7%), and fetal distress (3.5%). In primipara, CPD was the most frequent and in multipara malpresentation. 4. A great proportion (31.6%) was done at 40th gestational week. 5. In the weight distribution of infants, the group of 3,000-3,499 gm was the most prevalent (39.8%), premature baby was 9.1%, and giant baby was 5.6%. 6. In the type of operation, lower segment transverse cesarean section was the most (97.5%). 7. In the combined surgery, sterilization was the most prevalent and the next was ovarian cystectomy, hysterectomy, and myomectomy in order. 8. In the type of the anesthesia, general anesthesia was 83.5%. 9. Maternal morbidity was 14.7. Among the cause of this morbidity, wound infection was the most and the next was urinary tract infection, fever of unknown origin. and atonic bleeding in order. 10. It was found that 18.4% was maternal morbidity in the patients below 10 gm Hb. In this group, maternal morbidity was markedly increased as the level of Hb was decreased. 11. Maternal morbidity was increased as the duration of ruptured membrane was prolonged. In the group of over 24 hours after rupture of membrane, it was markedly increased (44.4%). 12. Maternal morbidity was increased as the duration of labor was prolonged. In the group of over 12 hours after the onset of labor, it was 24.6%. 13. Maternal morbidity of lower segment transverse cesarean section was the least (14.1%). 14. Maternal morbidity of emergency cesarean section was about two times as much as elective cesarean section.

A Clinical Review of Ectopic Pregnancy.: Tai Young Hwang, Yong Yun Nah, Jong Wook Kim, Wan Seok Park, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee, Wun Yong Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):229-235. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.229

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Abstract PDF: This study was undertaken for the clinical evaluation and statistical analysis on the 88 women with histopathologically confirmed ectopic pregnancies who were admitted and treated from grand opening on May-28, 1983 to Sept.-30, 1985. Incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 1 in 22.2 deliveries and the most common age group was in 30~34 years of age. There was tendency of decreasing incidences as the gravidity, parity or artificial abortion were over 3. The most common etiologic factor was pelvic inflammatory disease and procedures for family planning were the next common. Common symptoms were lower abdominal pain (85.2%) and vaginal spotting (56.8%). At the admission, hemoglobin level under 10gm% were 44.3%. 69.5% of urine HCG tests were positive. Culdocentesis was positive only in 75.9%. Termination was frequent at 6~7 weeks of gestation mostly with rupture or abortion. Free blood in the abdominal cavity was averaged 1,224ml. 4 cases of clinicobiochemically suspected ectopic pregnancies with spontaneous regression were excluded, and there was no fatal case treated in hospital.

Diagnostic Value of Serum Beta-hCG Measured by EIA in Suspected Ectopic Pregnancy.: Yoon Ki Park, Jong Wook Kim, Tae Hyung Lee, Wan Seok Park, Sung Ho Lee, Wun Yong Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):221-227. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.221

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Abstract PDF: Thirty-four patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy whose serum hCG levels had been measured by beta-hCG EIA before surgery were evaluated retrospectively. The results were as follows: 1. Final diagnosis of thirty- four patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy comprised twenty-eight tubal pregnancy, five ruptures of hemorrhagic corpus luteum and one tubo-ovarian abscess. One of the five patients with rupture of hemorrhagic corpus luteum was accompanied by missed abortion. 2. Range of serum hCG levels in twenty-eight patients with tubal pregnancy was 59-21, 980 mIU/ml and that of four patients with rupture of hemorrhagic corpus luteum and one patient with tubo-ovarian abscess was 0.6-6.6 mIU/ml. Serum hCG level of a patient with rupture of hemorrhagic corpus luteum who was accompanied by missed abostion was 200 mIU/ml. 3. Serum hCG levels in twenty-two of twenty-eight patients with tubal pregnancy were lower than 3,000 mIU/ml. Low serum hCG level below 100 mIU/ml and high serum hCG levl above 6,500 mIU/ml were noticed in four and six patients with tubal pregnancy recpectively. 4. Mean serum hCG levels (±SD) of twelve patients with tubal pregnancy who had intraabdominal free blood of less than 500ml and sixteen patients with tubal pregnancy who had intraabdominal free blood of more than 500ml were 4,131 (±7,801) mIU/ml and 3,208 (±5,081) mIU/ml, respectively. There was no statistical difference in the mean level of serum hCG between both group (P>0.05). 5. Mean serum hCG levels (±SD) of thirteen patients with unruptured tubal pregnancy and fifteen patients with ruptured tubal pregnancy were 2,628 (±5,448) mIU/ml and 4,449 (±6,938) mIU/ml, respectively. Mean level of serum hCG was statistically higher in ruptured tubal pregnancy (P<0.01). 6. Positive rate of urine pregnancy test in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was 64% (16/25) and mean range of serum hCG level of nine patients with false negative result were 353 mIU/ml and 59933 mIU/ml.

Comparative Study of Intrauterine Irrigation and Intravenous Injection with Cephradine at Cesarean Section.: Jai Dong Choi, Jong Wook Kim, Tae Hyung Lee, Wan Seok Park, Sung Ho Lee, Wun Yong Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):203-210. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.203

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Abstract PDF: Febrile morbidity after cesarean section is one of the major problems in obstetric practice. This morbidity is most often due to endometritis. Although parenteral prophylactic antibiotics or antibiotic irrigation has been reported to reduce the incidence of endometritis after cesarean section, its incidence remains high. Among the patients who were undergoing cesarean section at Yeungnam University Hospital from the beginning of March, 1985, three group were evaluated in the orders. 1) 30 cases as intrauterine irrigation group with cephradine solution, 2) 35 cases as intravenous injection group with cephradine, 3) 35 cases as control group are neither irrigated nor injected. Febrile morbidity was also evaluated by means of a fever index. The incidence of clinically diagnosed endometritis in the three group were 6.7%, 2.9%, and 22.9%. As these results, two study groups were markedly reduced the incidence of endometritis than control group. There was no significant difference between the intrauterine irrigation with cephradine and control, but significant difference between the intravenous cephradine injection and control (P<0.05). With the results of fever index analysis, both prophylactic intrauterine irrigation and intravenous injection markedly reduce the incidence of endometritis after cesarean section with statistical significance (P<0.05), and also markedly reduce the febrile degree.

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